{"id":11657,"date":"2025-06-23T14:06:47","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T14:06:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/?page_id=11657"},"modified":"2026-03-13T14:41:33","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T14:41:33","slug":"cities-at-war","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/courses\/cities-at-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Cities at War"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5132d10b\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-40aef6a5\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-99750b0a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-99750b0a\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-5bd98102 gb-headline-text\">Cities at War<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0cb914aa gb-tabs\" data-opened-tab=\"1\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5f30c3f2 gb-tabs__buttons\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-4dbee3c5 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button gb-block-is-current\" id=\"gb-tab-button-4dbee3c5\">Overview<\/button>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-171e3f99 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button\" id=\"gb-tab-button-171e3f99\">Collaboration<\/button>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-1659a6b3 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button\" id=\"gb-tab-button-1659a6b3\">Course Outline<\/button>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-ecb8f0d1 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button\" id=\"gb-tab-button-ecb8f0d1\">Instructors<\/button>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-50ca2c73 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button\" id=\"gb-tab-button-50ca2c73\">Certification<\/button>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-e056a964 gb-button-text gb-tabs__button\" id=\"gb-tab-button-e056a964\">Registration<\/button>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-bd62e863 gb-tabs__items\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a5611752 gb-tabs__item gb-tabs__item-open\" id=\"gb-tab-item-a5611752\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-4116f048 gb-headline-text\">Overview<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-c1956806\">Much of urban research on cities at war discusses the effects of armed conflict on urban space and the militarization of urban space in the same breath. While we acknowledge that similar urban forms may emerge and are interconnected (e.g. via technology), we do not think that the militarization of urban space in the Global North that often is a result of the \u201cwar on terrorism\u201d or some iteration of it, is comparable with the experience of cities and its inhabitants that currently or have recently experience(d) war or armed conflict.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-769eb2b5\">Focusing not on potential but actual physical destruction and ruination (Navaro 2009), we\u2019ll first take account of the everyday life of a city at war (Fawaz et al 2012, Harb 2017), the practices and strategies of its inhabitants to cope with the present and making use of its memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-e691057d\">Underlining, secondly, the emerging continuum between war and peace in many war\/conflict cities perceivable as a <em>\u201cpractice of continuously planning for war in times of peace\u201d <\/em>(Bou Akar 2018), we want to contribute to a better understanding of the practices of planning a city at war and their interplay with processes of reconstruction (Sharp 2023), displacement, commodification and musealization (Gen\u00e7 2021). The increasingly blurred \u201c<em>division between war and peace\u201d <\/em>(Sharp\/Kelegama 2025) is our focus when we examine specific cities at war.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-6cdba210\">A third cross-cutting theme is the erasure of knowledge, heritage sites and memory that accompanies war both&nbsp;through physical destruction and the loss of archives and records, and through the violent nation building often entailed in post-conflict rebuilding in the form of re-engineering cities and their histories.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-227812f8 gb-tabs__item\" id=\"gb-tab-item-227812f8\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-d3c67309 gb-headline-text\">Collaboration<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-8e7c6534\">This online lecture series got awarded with the Seminar Series Award by the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.urbanstudiesfoundation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Urban Studies Foundation<\/a><\/strong>. It is jointly organized by the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/beiruturbanlab.com\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Beirut Urban Lab<\/a><\/strong>, the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dkvd.org\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.dkvd.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Diyarbak\u0131r Association for the Protection of Cultural and Natural Assets<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rojava-uni.ac\/en\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rojava University<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/offuniversity.org\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"offuniversity.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Off University<\/a><\/strong>. The series is hosted at the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sowi.hu-berlin.de\/en\/index.html\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.sowi.hu-berlin.de\/en\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Department of Social Sciences at Humboldt Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin<\/a><\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-acd23560 gb-tabs__item\" id=\"gb-tab-item-acd23560\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f43519ad gb-headline-text\">Course Outline<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-724faf9c\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-38699e37 gb-headline-text\">Introduction &#8211; 15.10.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-6fc04a0a gb-headline-text\">Introductions, Overview of the Program<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-16182208 gb-headline-text\"><em>Mona Fawaz, Julia Strutz, Oksana Zaporozhets<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-578c902b\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-499f4f50 gb-headline-text\">Session 1 &#8211; 22.10.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-c2e7479b gb-headline-text\">Homs at the Age of Brutalism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-300e167b gb-headline-text\"><em>Ammar Azzouz<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-770be81a\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-45961eab gb-headline-text\">Session 2 &#8211; 29.10.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8cee197a gb-headline-text\">Architecture as Resistance: The Reconstruction of Gaza\u2019s Urban Fabric after the Ongoing Genocide<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8d96db3e gb-headline-text\"><em>Anoud Ali<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-9b0a71aa\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-98fd17e2 gb-headline-text\">Session 3 &#8211; 05.11.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-1884fef4 gb-headline-text\">Koban\u00ea \u2014 Between The Ashes of War and The Dawn of Reconstruction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-02712770 gb-headline-text\"><em>Aras Hiso, Luqman Guldiv\u00ea<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-85c6623d\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-210a5037 gb-headline-text\">Session 4 &#8211; 12.11.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7eb78e5f gb-headline-text\">Urban Ruins and Resettlement: Governing Cities in Post-Conflict Ethiopia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-40da2e42 gb-headline-text\"><em>Wudu Muluneh Yimer<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-1be701b1\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b32a2e2c gb-headline-text\">Session 5 &#8211; 19.11.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-596105cd gb-headline-text\">Justice in Post-War Reconstruction: The Social Sustainability of Neighbourhoods<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-a9caaeb4 gb-headline-text\"><em>Zena Asswad&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-d2a546a0\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-4ee77809 gb-headline-text\">Session 6 &#8211; 26.11.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-cfd7367f gb-headline-text\">Emotional Landscapes of Ukrainian Cities in Times of War<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ee680c8d gb-headline-text\"><em>Olena Kononenko, Oleksandra Nenko<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-9d546b82\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-1aaad2b3 gb-headline-text\">Session 7 &#8211; 03.12.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-263718b2 gb-headline-text\">The Other War: Economic Occupation and Civic Resistance in Hadhramout<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ee9431b6 gb-headline-text\"><em>Shada Bokir<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-a12ce2fa\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bb269b3b gb-headline-text\">Session 8 &#8211; 10.12.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-1b215ed6 gb-headline-text\">Beyond the Golden Walls: Everyday Life, Memory, and Survival in Jaisalmer\u2019s Borderlands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-e4549f3f gb-headline-text\"><em>Naman Agrawal<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-039c300f\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7647a5cf gb-headline-text\">Session 9 &#8211; 17.12.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7c19ce33 gb-headline-text\">Water Practices in Conflict-Torn Damascus: Distressing Memories to Overlook or Coping Strategies for Climate Resilience<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ab872c47 gb-headline-text\"><em>Sarah Husein<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-2f9fb7e7\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b6ce96b9 gb-headline-text\">Session 10 &#8211; 07.01.2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-3149b63e gb-headline-text\">Kharkiv is a Dream: Planning a Future During War<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-087e339f gb-headline-text\"><em>Viktoriia Grivina<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-11bdeea6\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-4e4e6780 gb-headline-text\">Session 11 &#8211; 14.01.2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-30cb5c0f gb-headline-text\">Diyarbak\u0131r\/Suri\u00e7i: Conflict and Urbicide as the Erasure of Collective Memory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-92b9df65 gb-headline-text\"><em>Nevin Soyukaya<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-0db990cf\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8a113fcd gb-headline-text\">Session 12 &#8211; 21.01.2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-13e44c4b gb-headline-text\">From Archiving to People-Centered, Heritage-Led Urban Recovery: The cases of Gaza and Nabatieh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8afa7487 gb-headline-text\"><em>Mariam Bazzi, Batoul Yassine<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-ab02851b\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b9441edd gb-headline-text\">Session 13 &#8211; 28.01.2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-c705d34a gb-headline-text\">Spatial Justice and Everyday Resilience: Navigating Post-Conflict Urbanism in Kabul<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7e3ddc5b gb-headline-text\"><em>Aimal Formolly<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-6d98cae6\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-034bbca2 gb-headline-text\"><s>Session 14 &#8211; 04.02.2026<\/s><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-80a64baf gb-headline-text\"><s>The Settler Colonial Blueprint: Antakya as a Post-Disaster Development Project<\/s><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-2be1931e gb-headline-text\"><em><s>Erk\u00e2n G\u00fcrsel<\/s><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-553d943b\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ef4c543d gb-headline-text\">Session 15 &#8211; 11.02.2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7284cc43 gb-headline-text\">Evaluation and Feedback<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f785b9ba gb-tabs__item\" id=\"gb-tab-item-f785b9ba\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7ed2a39e\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-774e580b gb-headline-text\">Instructors<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-91e4f7da\" id=\"Aimal-Formolly\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-fe0c5183\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-3eae4553\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3eae4553\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-03a7c7c4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-03a7c7c4 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aimal-Formolly.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Aimal-Formolly\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aimal-Formolly.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aimal-Formolly-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aimal-Formolly-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-28bf1b29\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-28bf1b29\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f793fb73 gb-headline-text\">Aimal Formolly<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Aimal Formolly is a top-ranked Ph.D. candidate in Geography and Urban Planning at Yazd University, specializing in spatial justice, gamified co-design, and resilience in post-conflict cities. His academic trajectory spans research and teaching across Afghanistan, Iran, India, and South Korea, focusing on social cohesion, participatory urbanism, and sustainable neighborhood design. He has authored multiple peer-reviewed articles and book chapters addressing urban fragility and spatial inequality, and contributed to policy initiatives on disaster-resilient planning. His scholarship merges quantitative modeling with qualitative inquiry, advancing theory and practice in urban studies. Dedicated to cross-cultural collaboration and knowledge exchange, Formolly\u2019s work aims to inform equitable urban futures in contexts marked by rapid change, displacement, and socio-political instability.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-f9b98309\" id=\"Ammar-Azzouz\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-376ad516\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ea8a31a4\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ea8a31a4\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-b752bbb1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-b752bbb1 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ammar-Azzouz.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Ammar-Azzouz\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ammar-Azzouz.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ammar-Azzouz-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ammar-Azzouz-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5eb3bd42\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5eb3bd42\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-395b5766 gb-headline-text\">Ammar Azzouz<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Ammar Azzouz&nbsp;is a Lecturer and a British Academy Research Fellow at University of Oxford.&nbsp;His research focuses on destruction and reconstruction of cities, cultural heritage and art in exile.&nbsp;He is the author of&nbsp;Domicide: Architecture, War and the Destruction of Home in Syria, published by Bloomsbury in 2023.&nbsp; He has written for a wide range of platforms including the New York Times, Financial Times and the Guardian.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-3aa4ffba\" id=\"Anood-Ali\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-22ab6e7d\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-73ba6231\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-73ba6231\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-404a74d0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-404a74d0 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Anood-Ali.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Anood-Ali\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Anood-Ali.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Anood-Ali-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Anood-Ali-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a25ae3be\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a25ae3be\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ef66b18b gb-headline-text\">Anood Ali <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Anood Ali is a Palestinian architectural engineer and researcher from Gaza with over two years of professional experience. She worked with Skills and Quality construction company on the Egyptian Reconstruction Project following the 2021 war, contributing to large-scale efforts to rebuild housing and urban infrastructure. This experience, together with the realities of living through repeated cycles of destruction, has shaped her perspective on the critical role of architecture in contexts of war and displacement. Amid the ongoing genocide, she sees it as her duty to explore how the built environment can act as a form of resistance, preserving cultural identity, sustaining collective memory, and enabling communities to endure. Her work highlights architecture not only as physical reconstruction but also as a tool for resistance, justice, and reimagining Gaza\u2019s future.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-87537f6f\" id=\"Aras-Hiso\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-41189442\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-b1932b0e\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b1932b0e\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-bb42546f\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-bb42546f photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aras-Hiso.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Aras-Hiso\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aras-Hiso.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aras-Hiso-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Aras-Hiso-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-575efa98\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-575efa98\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-46789404 gb-headline-text\">Aras Hiso<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Aras Hiso was born in 1997 in Koban\u00ea. He studied Kurdish Language and Literature at the University of Koban\u00ea, where he earned his Master&#8217;s degree in Kurdish Literature. Shortly after the beginning of the Rojava Revolution in 2013, he became involved as a teacher of Kurdish language and literature in Kurdish schools, language institutes, and the SZK (Kurdish Language Institution). He currently teaches Kurdish literature at the University of Koban\u00ea and serves as the head of the university&#8217;s Folklore Centre. His work primarily focuses on research in Kurdish literature, but he is also an accomplished writer and poet.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-f3959e54\" id=\"Batoul-Yassine\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-dc71b02e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-caa267af\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-caa267af\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-35455fd9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-35455fd9 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Batoul-Yassine.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Batoul-Yassine\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Batoul-Yassine.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Batoul-Yassine-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Batoul-Yassine-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f317849f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f317849f\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f29ac311 gb-headline-text\">Batoul Yassine<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Batoul Yassine is a research coordinator at the Beirut Urban Lab at the American University of Beirut. With extensive experience in architecture and urban design, her research explores urban recovery in areas impacted by crises, war, and displacement. Her recent work focuses on developing inclusive and participatory recovery strategies for post-conflict and post-war contexts in Lebanon and across the Arab world. She holds a Master\u2019s in Urban Design from the American University of Beirut and a Master\u2019s in Architecture from the Lebanese University.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-5a8a7d86\" id=\"Erkan-Gursel\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-2362bca9\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f238130b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f238130b\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-add912ef\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-add912ef photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Erkan-Gursel.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Erkan-Gursel\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Erkan-Gursel.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Erkan-Gursel-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Erkan-Gursel-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d4cec96e\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d4cec96e\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-e764d154 gb-headline-text\">Erk\u00e2n G\u00fcrsel<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Erk\u00e2n G\u00fcrsel is a researcher and filmmaker from Antioch\/Antakya (designated \u2018Hatay\u2019 within settler colonial cartographies). He is currently undertaking postgraduate research in Sociology at the University of Cambridge, examining displacement, ecological loss, and Indigenous resistance in the wake of the February 2023 earthquakes. He additionally teaches in the Geography Department at UCL, where he convenes discussions on geopolitics, gender, and displacement for both undergraduate and postgraduate students. G\u00fcrsel\u2019s methodology is grounded in critical pedagogical practice, engaging with abolitionist approaches and anticolonial philosophy to examine the contemporary machinations of violence instituted by the Republic of Turkey.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-24b014e2\" id=\"Luqman-Gildive\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-852de25c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d9873877\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d9873877\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-23445355\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-23445355 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luqman-Gildive.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Luqman-Gildive\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luqman-Gildive.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luqman-Gildive-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luqman-Gildive-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-2f1ad958\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2f1ad958\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-00b9ff21 gb-headline-text\">Luqman Guldiv\u00ea<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Luqman Guldiv\u00ea was born in 1977 in Midyad, approximately 40 km north of Qami\u015flo, and was raised in Nis\u00eab\u00een, which, if not for the state boundary, would be considered the same town as Qami\u015flo\u2014historically built by the French mandate regime after 1918 on the marshland just south of Nis\u00eab\u00een. During the Turkish state\u2019s \u201cdirty war\u201d strategies in 1992, he first became a refugee in a Mediterranean town and later became refugy in Germany and France. He studied Kurdish Studies in Paris and Iranian Studies in G\u00f6ttingen, earning his PhD with a focus on Kurdish oral literature. He has worked as a journalist and Kurdish language editor at Roj TV, Radio Deng\u00ea Welat, and the daily newspaper Yeni \u00d6zg\u00fcr Politika. For the past two years, he has been teaching and conducting research at Rojava University in Qami\u015flo and also teaches master classes at the University of Koban\u00ea. His primary responsibility is coordinating the research project Xweb\u00fbn, a self-evaluation initiative focused on the higher education experience in Rojava and Northern and Eastern Syria.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-1653fb30\" id=\"Mariam-Bazzi\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-34c1000f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f736e942\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f736e942\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-1ef0c228\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-1ef0c228 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mariam-Bazzi.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Mariam Bazzi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mariam-Bazzi.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mariam-Bazzi-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mariam-Bazzi-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-0451d870\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0451d870\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-579f2366 gb-headline-text\">Mariam Bazzi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Mariam Bazzi is a researcher trained in landscape architecture and urban design. She is involved in research projects at the Beirut Urban Lab addressing urban recovery, landscape heritage, and forms of archiving and unarchiving the city. She holds a master\u2019s degree in urban design (2020) and a bachelor\u2019s degree in landscape architecture (2017) from the American University of Beirut.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-19c2b0e8\" id=\"Naman-Agrawal\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6a297440\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4bda820b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4bda820b\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-d49a6e79\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-d49a6e79 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Naman-Agrawal.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Naman-Agrawal\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Naman-Agrawal.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Naman-Agrawal-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Naman-Agrawal-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-989dcb06\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-989dcb06\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bba89a7f gb-headline-text\">Naman Agrawal<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Dr. Naman Agrawal is a researcher and practitioner with a background in finance, policy, and urban governance. He examines how militarization and heritage commodification reshape social and spatial life in conflict-affected regions. His current research focuses on Jaisalmer in the Thar Desert, exploring how local communities sustain cultural resilience and collective memory in the face of displacement, surveillance, and the gradual musealization of daily life. Drawing methodological insights from ethnographic observation and comparative case studies, his work bridges urban studies, political economy, and social anthropology. He is committed to documenting marginalized voices in border contexts and contributing research on the erasure and reconstruction of intangible knowledge in cities shaped by cycles of war, peace, and globalization.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-a53aca00\" id=\"Nevin-Soyukaya\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3e1cfcd5\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-3e3bacd9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3e3bacd9\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-3b6fe021\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-3b6fe021 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nevin-Soyukaya.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Nevin-Soyukaya\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nevin-Soyukaya.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nevin-Soyukaya-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nevin-Soyukaya-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4d1edc88\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4d1edc88\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-3acbed4e gb-headline-text\">Nevin Soyukaya<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Between 2011 and 2016, Nevin Soyukaya worked as the General Coordinator for the Diyarbak\u0131r Fortress and Hevsel Gardens World Heritage site. Following the inscription of Diyarbak\u0131r on the World Heritage List in 2015, she began working at the Diyarbak\u0131r Municipality as Director of Cultural Heritage. Between October 2015 and March 2016, the Turkish state security forces and the PKK Kurdish militants engaged in armed conflict in the historic centre of Diyarbak\u0131r, Surici. Despite her dismissal from her coordinator role on the grounds that she had reported destruction in Diyarbak\u0131r to UNESCO in her capacity as World Heritage Coordinator, she continued preparing reports on the site through NGOs. Currently, she works voluntarily on the preservation of Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019s cultural heritage, social history, and collective memory.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-5f71d65f\" id=\"Olena-Kononenko\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-e12512ea\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1bdea38b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1bdea38b\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-d3fc9dd6\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-d3fc9dd6 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Oleksandra-Nenko.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Oleksandra-Nenko\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Oleksandra-Nenko.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Oleksandra-Nenko-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Oleksandra-Nenko-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-90b13949\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-90b13949\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b95aec90 gb-headline-text\">Oleksandra Nenko<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Oleksandra Nenko, Dr.Soc., is a Ukrainian sociologist based in Finland. Her research focuses on urban sustainability and creative place-making. She is a Collegium Researcher at the Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, and a Visiting Researcher at the University of the Arts Helsinki. Her recent projects include Ukrainian Wartime Art and Displaced Ukrainian Artists in Finland and Emotional Landscapes of Wartime Cities, funded by the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters and the Kone Foundation. She also serves on the boards of ESA\u2019s Sociology of the Arts and Urban Sociology networks.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-1c884a58\" id=\"Olena-Kononenko\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-f510d759\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-0a8b5b2b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0a8b5b2b\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-34f85a18\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-34f85a18 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Olena-Kononenko.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Olena-Kononenko\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Olena-Kononenko.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Olena-Kononenko-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Olena-Kononenko-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1e4dfeaf\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1e4dfeaf\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-2ca1fe00 gb-headline-text\">Olena Kononenko<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Olena Kononenko is an Associate Professor at the Department of Economic and Social Geography, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. She teaches courses on economic geography, urban research methods, and sustainable development. She defended her doctoral dissertation on the development of potentially hazardous industries in Eastern Ukraine (2001) and later headed the Scientific Laboratory for Regional Economic and Political Problems (2003\u20132012). Dr. Kononenko has held research positions at TU Berlin\u2019s Collaborative Research Centre \u201cRe-Figuration of Spaces\u201d (2022) and the Georg Simmel Center for Urban Studies, Humboldt University of Berlin (2023\u20132025). Her research focuses on sustainable urban development, resilience, the green economy, public environmental behaviour, and mental mapping<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-f02272ef\" id=\"Sarah-Husein\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-b14bb40a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-65a6436b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-65a6436b\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-b7b808fb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-b7b808fb photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Sara-Husein.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Sarah-Husein\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Sara-Husein.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Sara-Husein-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Sara-Husein-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-8a8f17f0\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8a8f17f0\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-66028f95 gb-headline-text\">Sarah Husein<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Sarah Husein is an architect-urbanist with a Bachelor\u2019s in Architecture from Damascus University, and both a Master\u2019s degree and a Specialized Diploma in Urban Planning from the \u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure d\u2019Architecture de Paris-Belleville. Her professional path bridges storytelling, scenography, sustainable urban development, ecological planning, woodworking, and research. As a member of the Young Syrian Urbanist Network and an independent researcher, her work explores the intersections of spatial and climate justice, with a particular focus on water policies and their integration into urban planning\u2014aiming to foster more inclusive, equitable, and resilient urban environments.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-b44e2b85\" id=\"Shada-Bokir\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-2e1aad36\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-021cb8fa\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-021cb8fa\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-dd23c520\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-dd23c520 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Shada-Bokir.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Shada-Bokir\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Shada-Bokir.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Shada-Bokir-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Shada-Bokir-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-22da3a7b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-22da3a7b\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8ffcbecd gb-headline-text\">Shada Bokir<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Dr. Shada Bokir&nbsp;is a Yemeni social anthropologist and refugee advocate specializing in gender studies, postcolonial literature, and Middle Eastern cultural analysis. She holds a PhD in Post-Colonial Literature from the National University of Malaysia, focusing on social taboos and women&#8217;s resistance in Yemeni texts, and a Master&#8217;s from Appalachian State University. Currently an Associate Researcher at the Austrian Academy of Sciences and former lecturer at the University of Vienna&#8217;s Institute of Oriental Studies, Dr. Bokir combines academic expertise with lived experience of displacement. Her research examines tribal politics, women&#8217;s visual culture, and colonial legacies in Yemen and the broader MENA region. Dr. Bokir is a two-time MESA Fellow (2024-2026), Columbia Global Emerging Scholars Program Fellow, and associate with the Organization for Women in Science (OWSD) under UNESCO. Her work appears in&nbsp;HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory,&nbsp;Costume, and&nbsp;Akademika. She actively contributes to humanitarian discourse through UNHCR panels and international conferences, advocating for displaced scholars while bridging academic research with policy engagement on migration, gender equality, and Middle Eastern studies.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-bece7988\" id=\"Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3cfad24c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-b7996097\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b7996097\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-e57a7061\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-e57a7061 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Viktoriia-Grivina.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Viktoriia-Grivina\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Viktoriia-Grivina.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Viktoriia-Grivina-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Viktoriia-Grivina-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e9a3cbda\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e9a3cbda\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-17d977ad gb-headline-text\">Viktoriia Grivina<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Viktoriia Grivina is a writer and cultural anthropologist from Kharkiv, Ukraine. She holds a Master\u2019s degree in linguistics of Kharkiv National University, and MA in Cultural Studies via Erasmus Mundus Master\u2019s Scholarship (at T\u00fcbingen, Bergamo and St Andrews universities). In 2020-21 she was an early-career researcher at \u201c(Un)Archving (Post)Industry\u201d Project, digitizing vernacular photography of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, Ukraine (received Europa Nostra 2023 award). Her current PhD research at the University of St Andrews is dedicated to the transformation of local communities in Kharkiv, Ukraine. She is the author of an essay collection, Kharkiv, A War City (Ibidem, 2025), and a co-author of the volume, Kharkiv is a Dream: Public Art and Activism 2013\u20132023 (Ibidem, 2025).<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-d88a0ad2\" id=\"Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-44e36858\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-92637320\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-92637320\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-eaa7ea03\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-eaa7ea03 photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Wudu-Muluneh-Yimer-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-8c5be3e8\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8c5be3e8\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b7c12751 gb-headline-text\">Wudu Muluneh Yimer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Wudu Muluneh Yimer is a lecturer and Chairholder of Real Estate Investment and Development track at the Institute of Land Administration at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. His research focuses on urban governance, displacement, and post-conflict reconstruction, emphasizing land tenure, spatial justice, and memory. Drawing on his experience as both a municipal manager and an academic, he examines how residents and authorities navigate fragile urban spaces, rebuild communities, and negotiate contested urban environments shaped by conflict.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-element-aac91a7e\" id=\"Zena-Asswad\"><div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-4acb45a4\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-07443be0\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-07443be0\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-d03aec8c\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-d03aec8c photo-shadow img\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Zena-Asswad.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"Zena-Asswad\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Zena-Asswad.webp 720w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Zena-Asswad-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Zena-Asswad-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-52d84e01\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-52d84e01\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-71a76d7b gb-headline-text\">Zena Asswad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">Zena Asswad is a Syrian architect from Aleppo. She has earned a Ph.D. in architecture, focusing on the sustainability and resilience of post-war communities within their everyday spaces. She currently works as a training assistant professor at Aleppo University, overseeing various undergraduate and postgraduate courses. She is passionate about the methods people use to cope with protracted crises, such as post-war conditions, and manage to sustain their lives, adding dimensions to sustainability and reconstruction and linking these wide concepts with real life on the ground after wars. In the same vein, she focusses on exploring the role of social sustainability principles in healing and mending the divisions that existed before the war and maintaining social justice during post-war reconstruction in the conflicts between government projects and people&#8217;s needs.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-63ac7b89 gb-tabs__item\" id=\"gb-tab-item-63ac7b89\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-cc937728\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-180e16a6 gb-headline-text\">Certification<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-971b54bc\">This course is hosted by <strong>Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Department of Social Sciences <\/strong>and certified with<strong> 3 ECTS<\/strong> upon successful completion and supported by <strong>Rojava University, Faculty of Social Sciences<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-c5d838af\">In order to receive a certificate indicating the ECTS credits, participation in the discussions during the lecture and the weekly preparation of a reading (around 15 pages) is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-d32043e6\">You will find more details on<a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> <strong>Moodle<\/strong><\/a> course page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-1aa7fe3a\">At the end of the semester, the instructors will inform the learning designer about your request and grade. The certificate will be prepared with the university secretariat and it may take up to 8 weeks.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-00733130 gb-tabs__item\" id=\"gb-tab-item-00733130\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dbaffc33\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-2f27556d gb-headline-text\">Registration<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-02360dd3\">Our courses are held on a digital learning platform, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moodle<\/a><\/strong>. Before you create your account on <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moodle<\/a><\/strong>, we have some notes for your and others\u2019 digital security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When you register, you can use a nickname. Nicknames with offensive, racist or sexist undertones will not be accepted.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Communication outside of the platform is not private. It is a solidarity action with people who would like to stay anonymous for different reasons. Please use our secure platform to communicate with others and respect their choices of communication channels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We aim to create an inclusive learning environment with our participants&nbsp;and educate ourselves in a more inclusive language. Be eager and tolerant to learn from each other and challenge any discriminating language. You can have a look at it <a href=\"https:\/\/nasaa-arts.org\/nasaa_research\/inclusive-language-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-accent-3-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-accent-3-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1b5d86c1\">\n\n<h5 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-297783f9 gb-headline-text\">Creating a new account and registering to a course on Moodle<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-b21fd5bc\"><strong>1. <\/strong>The link will take you to the<a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> <strong>Off University Moodle<\/strong><\/a> homepage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-48daf666\"><strong>2.<\/strong> Click the \u201cLog in\u201d button on the top right side of the page.<br><em>If you have an account on <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Off University Moodle<\/strong><\/a><em>, please login and continue from <\/em><strong><a href=\"#ckm-register-seven\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#ckm-register-seven\">step 7<\/a><\/strong><em> below.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-23e30dbc\"><strong>3. <\/strong>Scroll down to see \u201c<strong>Create new account<\/strong>\u201d and click the button.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-b44cb5f2\"><strong>4.<\/strong> Please fill in the fields marked as <strong>*required<\/strong>. <br><em>You can use false information to protect your identity and increase your safety. You can enter a nickname, a false email address that resembles the format, such as <strong>name@example.org<\/strong> etc. Please note down your user name and password in a safe place.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-1d705e04\"><strong>5.<\/strong> Once you created your account, please wait until the next working day to continue.<br><em>Your account needs activation which will be done by Off University. We will need some time to activate your account. This can take up to 24 hours on weekdays and longer on weekends.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-d340bb23\"><strong>6.<\/strong> Please login to check whether your account it active. Once you can login, you will find the available courses on the home page of Moodle and will be able to register by clicking the course title.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-text gb-text-c75b8ccc\" id=\"ckm-register-seven\"><strong>7. <\/strong>You can now discover the course page. The first item on the page, General, contains the syllabus and the announcements. Please follow these announcements to stay up to date about your course.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d0291836\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d0291836\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3b16b9ed\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13636\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WS25-CW_HU.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4dca5c81\">\n\n<h4 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-a63acdc3 gb-headline-text\">Course Details<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b23f63bb\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-8838bd6e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-2b3f2989\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2b3f2989\">\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Duration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e8506d73\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e8506d73\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">15.10.25 &#8211; 06.02.26<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-466181c1\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6721db1e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f865e143\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f865e143\">\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Time<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9d0e8efc\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9d0e8efc\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Wednesdays, 16:00 CET<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c01ea87a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3f2567fd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f36be1a7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f36be1a7\">\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Credits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-0cff501b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0cff501b\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">3 ECTS<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-cbfacaf8\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-bd435b0d\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-cc590277\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-cc590277\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Language<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a8847d8d\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a8847d8d\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">English<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8da7db82\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-e5576c12\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6697d422\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6697d422\">\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Host Institution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-14cfa69b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-14cfa69b\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Department of Social Sciences<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1509054d\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ad2f72ca wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"wp-container-content-9cfa9a5a\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Registration<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons course-button is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.offuniversity.org\/enrol\/index.php?id=26\" style=\"border-radius:0px;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Register Now<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9e4dd343\">\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Supported by<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-7b7f0685\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-08f66573\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-08f66573\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-0071442d\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-0071442d\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Humboldt.Uni_.1.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Humboldt.Uni.1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Humboldt.Uni_.1.png 1200w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Humboldt.Uni_.1-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Humboldt.Uni_.1-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Humboldt.Uni_.1-768x403.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-7a991169\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7a991169\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-99b5652e\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1070\" height=\"224\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-99b5652e\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg.png 1070w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg-1024x214.png 1024w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/01_USF_logo_blue_rgb_nobg-768x161.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1070px) 100vw, 1070px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a6c67a23\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a6c67a23\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-0fca569f\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-0fca569f\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/UR-logo-e1758616891883.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"UR-logo\"\/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-11daeb08\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-11daeb08\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-94d554db\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"391\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-94d554db\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUL.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"BUL\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUL.webp 340w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUL-261x300.webp 261w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5d726967\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5d726967\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-620bedda\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"662\" height=\"394\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-620bedda\" src=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/DKVD.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"DKVD\" srcset=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/DKVD.webp 662w, https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/DKVD-300x179.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-950bf001\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:16px\"><strong><a href=\"\/current-courses\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">View All Current Courses<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7c7f87cd\"><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" height=\"1em\" width=\"1em\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/current-courses\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1416\"><strong>Zur\u00fcck zu Aktuelle Kurse<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13636,"parent":1401,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-11657","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"infinite-scroll-item"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11657"}],"version-history":[{"count":65,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11657\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14849,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11657\/revisions\/14849"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1401"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/offuniversity.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}